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mumps virus
Mumps virus is the causative agent of mumps, a well-known common childhood disease characterised by swelling of the parotid glands, salivary glands and other epithelial tissues, causing high morbidity and in some cases more serious complications such as deafness. Natural infection is currently restricted to humans and the virus is transmitted by direct contact, droplet spread, or contaminated objects.
It is considered a vaccine-preventable disease, although significant outbreaks have occurred in recent years in developed countries such as America, in areas of poor vaccine uptake. These have allowed the further evaluation and ennumeration of its efficacy (~75–85% after two doses of MMR).〔(CDC list of articles pertaining to the contemporary American mumps outbreaks )〕
The mumps virus belongs to the genus ''Rubulavirus'' in the family ''Paramyxovirus'' and is seen to have a roughly spherical, enveloped morphology of about 200 nm in diameter.〔 It contains a linear, single-stranded molecule of negative-sense RNA 15,384 nucleotides long.〔
== Structure ==
The mumps virus is a roughly spherical particle made up of concentric layers of fatty lipids, large protein molecules, and nucleic acid. It is dotted with large 'spikes' made up of protein that enable it to gain entry to host cells. Inside lies a core of a single, long molecule of RNA wrapped up in protein that is released into the cell.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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